Langues lutte - "les Français en Amérique du Sud"

Guiana   Fri Oct 09, 2009 10:22 am GMT
Le français est un poste très faible en Amérique du Sud et contre le puissant langues sud-américaines, telles que l'espagnol et le portugais a à perdre à mon avis. «L'anglais est imposé à travers l'Amérique hispanique?. Ici, je laisse un document très intéressant de la situation de l'espagnol en Guyane française. Laissez un commentaire.
Churchill   Fri Oct 09, 2009 10:23 am GMT
L'imposition de l'anglais dans toute l'Afrique, car elle perdrait la langue la plus espagnole. Le seul français est parlé en Afrique.
The most unique name   Fri Oct 09, 2009 10:31 am GMT
Well, there are in South American several important languages. There are 6 official languages: English, Spanish, Portuguese, Dutch, French, Guarani, Quechua, and Aymara.

Spanish is official in

1. French Guiana
2. Amapa, Brazil
3. Entre Rios, Argentina
7. Mercosur

At the same time, Frenchh is compulsory in secondary education in:

1. Colombia
2. Venezuela
3. Argentina
4. Chile
5. Peru
6. Ecuador
7. Paraguay
8. Bolivia
9. Uruguay
10. Brazil
11. Guyana
12. Surinam

Sout Americans consider French to be very interesting, a Global language. So, they made French official language in Mercosur and not for example Portunhol. It is likely to be spoken by some 60 million there, considering mother tongue and second language speakers.
Spanish is getting extinc   Fri Oct 09, 2009 10:35 am GMT
It is like Castilian Spanish in the Western hemisphere. It is official in Hispanic Americas. It is spoken there by 275 million people and less than 5 in the near future because it is disintegrating into numerous Neo-Spanises much like its mom Latin which evolved into several Neo-Latin languages and Afrikaans from Dutch...

Bwahahahahahahahahahahahahahahahahahahahahahahahahahahahahaha!
POCCNR   Fri Oct 09, 2009 11:49 am GMT
<<It is likely to be spoken by some 60 million there, considering mother tongue and second language speakers. >>

I wonder when we'll reach the tipping point, where a resurgent French language starts displacing Spanish and Portuguese in South America? I suppose, from that point forward, there'll be no stopping it from regaining its status as the undisputed worldwide lingua franca.
Visitor   Fri Oct 09, 2009 12:53 pm GMT
France failed to make Mexico a colony in the XIX century and that was their last opportunity to take South America for the francophonie. Now French is just a second foreign language behind preeminent English. In chile for example, where many French migrants arrived, the elites are very anglophile, not francophile. In my opinion the influence of France in South America is rather limited, even Germany and the German language are more popular in countries such as Brazil (specially southern part). Germany is the third largest investor in Brazil after USA and Spain.
Guest   Fri Oct 09, 2009 1:11 pm GMT
<< In chile for example, where many French migrants arrived, the elites are very anglophile, not francophile. In my opinion the influence of France in South America is rather limited, even Germany and the German language are more popular in countries such as Brazil (specially southern part). Germany is the third largest investor in Brazil after USA and Spain. >>

Oh really?

Then how come Chileans who are pure Italian, German, and even British descent choose to send their children to school where the medium of instruction is French rather than Spanish?

How many French descent individuals ruled Chile? two and they are Augusto Pinochet and and the current President Michelle(not Miguela) Bachelet. In my own opinion, Ms. Bachelet will continue the unfinished job that Pinochet has left behind and that is to make Chile a a real civilized and advanced francophone country from a backward hispanic country.

Bwahahahahahahahahahahahahahahahahahahahahahahahahahahahahahahaha!
Visitor   Fri Oct 09, 2009 1:30 pm GMT
Then how come Chileans who are pure Italian, German, and even British descent choose to send their children to school where the medium of instruction is French rather than Spanish?


They don't. Chilean elites are anglophile and send their children to learn good English in private English schools. You say why they don't choose Spanish. Well, because Chileans already speak Spanish and they want they children to learn another language.
The most unique name   Fri Oct 09, 2009 1:31 pm GMT
Well, there are in South American several important languages. There are 6 official languages: English, Spanish, Portuguese, Dutch, French, Guarani, Quechua, and Aymara.

French is official in

1. French Guiana
2. Amapa, Brazil
3. Entre Rios, Argentina
7. Mercosur

At the same time, Frenchh is compulsory in secondary education in:

1. Colombia
2. Venezuela
3. Argentina
4. Chile
5. Peru
6. Ecuador
7. Paraguay
8. Bolivia
9. Uruguay
10. Brazil
11. Guyana
12. Surinam

South Americans consider French to be very interesting, a Global language. So, they made French official language in Mercosur and not for example Portunhol. It is likely to be spoken by some 60 million there, considering mother tongue and second language speakers.
Guest   Fri Oct 09, 2009 1:33 pm GMT
French is not official in mercosur, only Spanish , Portuguese and Quechua.
Guest   Fri Oct 09, 2009 1:38 pm GMT
<< They don't. Chilean elites are anglophile and send their children to learn good English in private English schools. You say why they don't choose Spanish. Well, because Chileans already speak Spanish and they want they children to learn another language. >>

You haven't understood what I said. I said those people choose to send their children to schools whose language of instruction is French instead of Spanish. It's a form of immersion to the French language and culture.

The do send their children to school whose language of instruction is French including those of pure British descents. Lots of clans of Italian and German or mixed of the two speak French as their First language and Spanish is just secondary to them.

See how strong French is. Considering that those people who should have French or German or English or Spanish as their first language but they chose French since they're isolated form their country of origin.
Visitor   Fri Oct 09, 2009 1:43 pm GMT
In my opinion Spanish is losing influence in Hispanic Americaa. Many countries that were traditionally Spanish speaking like Mexico, Madagascar, Costa Rica, Puerto Rico, Panama, and even Colombia and Venezuela etc are now switching to English. Young people in these countries love speaking English.
V   Fri Oct 09, 2009 1:46 pm GMT
The English-language press and the "Anglophone problem" in Cameroon: Group identity, culture, and the politics of Nostalgia

This paper traces the role of the Cameroonian English-language press in creating awareness of the "Anglophone problem," and putting it on the Cameroonian and international political agenda. The analysis is carried out within the framework of the problematic situations perspective which holds that when newspapers report events, they always present the issues in terms of problems that need to be solved in order to maintain individual, political and social equilibrium and harmony. English language newspapers and radio programs made use of identity and nostalgia to present an unenviable picture of the Anglophone minority in Cameroon. The newspapers concluded that Anglo-phones were a marginalized minority whose problems could only be solved by political autonomy and less control from the French-style over-centralized bureaucracy in Yaounde.

INTRODUCTION

One of the greatest challenges of modern nation states is protection of the political rights, cultures and economic interests of minority groups within their borders. The problems of minority groups are usually aggravated in uncertain or fluid political and cultural situations in which these groups consider themselves the victims of the majority. In order to cope with their perceived unfavorable predicament, minority groups develop coping mechanisms. The first is to nurture a high sense of group identity. The next stage is to feed, as it were, this identity through the use of nostalgia; a wistful longing for lost opportunities or a desire to return to a specific political circumstance, a junction in the road where the wrong turn that led to the present untenable situation was taken by the group or others. Sometimes, this desire to reset the political clock as it were, becomes the overwhelming objective of the elite and opinion leaders of these minority groups.

The above scenario describes the situation of the English-speaking or Anglophone minority in Cameroon. The community has, through its representatives, elites and newspapers, given an indication that it considers itself a marginalized minority of second-class citizens in the country of Cameroon. Indeed, some of the more radical Anglophone political activists consider Southern Cameroons, the English-speaking region of Cameroon, to have been recolonized by the French-speaking Republique du Cameroun (Republic of Cameroon). The newspapers controlled by, or available to the minority Anglo-phone community, tend to be advocates of the interests of that community, and serve as platforms on which the political frustrations, grievances, aspirations and demands of the group are expressed. As advocates, these newspapers practically set the political agenda for their community.

The Cameroon government has always sought to control or silence these political protests, which it has viewed as voices of discontent and disgruntlement, through heavy-handed censorship and tight control of information flow and exchange. Whenever this was done, journalists from the English-language press resorted to the use of code words, double entendre and even rumor to communicate the political sentiments of the aggrieved Anglophones. As these newspapers feature the Anglophone problem prominently, members of the community and the rest of the country have come to see the problem as an important issue that must be dealt with.

The aim of this paper is to trace the role of the Cameroonian English language press in creating awareness of the "Anglophone problem," -an assemblage of issues that have political, economic, cultural and social aspectsand putting it on the Cameroonian and international political agenda during the reign of current Cameroon president, Paul Biya. The Anglophone problem will be analyzed within the framework of the problematic situations perspective. The research was guided by the following question: How has the English-language (Anglophone) press framed or presented the Anglophone problem in Cameroon during the Biya era?

THE ANGLOPHONE PROBLEM IN CAMEROON

What has come to be known as the "Anglophone" problem is an assemblage of political, cultural, economic and social grievances expressed by the English-speaking minority in the predominantly French-speaking Republic of Cameroon (formerly called the United Republic of Cameroon). The question touches on the distribution of political and economic power, the institutional structures of the society, the educational system, and the relationship between the government and the governed. These grievances are expressed in terms of discrimination, second-class citizenship and "marginalization." In the 40 years since the reunification of English-speaking Southern Cameroons and French-speaking Republique du Cameroun, the resulting over-centralized government, run mostly by the French-speaking majority, and operating under what is essentially an Africanized version of the Napoleonic code, has attempted to eliminate the British-inspired educational, legal, agricultural, and administrative institutions which the Anglophones brought to the union. This has been accompanied by a concerted attempt to assimilate the English-speakers into the French-dominated system. Indeed, just months after the reunification of the English and French-speaking parts of Cameroon, the French government sponsored a massive "French by Radio" program in the English-speaking region of Cameroon. Using prepackaged interactive French lessons broadcast from a newly equipped AM and Shortwave broadcast station, Radio Buea, a large number of French and Francophone educators and language teachers were deployed to teach spoken and written French (in that order) in the major primary schools of the English-speaking region. At the same time, three Bilingual Grammar Schools, whose officials and teachers were mostly French-speaking Cameroonians or French citizens, were created in Buea, Mamfe and Yaounde to train young people to function in the over-centralized bureaucracy in Yaounde. To this day, when speaking of English-speaking Cameroonians, many French-speaking Cameroonians use the word "Anglo" as an epithet to mean "uncouth," "backward," "uncivilized," "inconsequential," and so on.

http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa3821/is_200304/ai_n9173452/
Guest   Fri Oct 09, 2009 1:46 pm GMT
You haven't understood what I said. I said those people choose to send their children to schools whose language of instruction is French instead of Spanish. It's a form of immersion to the French language and culture.


I said that they don't send their children to French schools.Most of Chilean students study in public schools where English is more important than French, and those who can afford it, send their children to private English schools where English is the means of instruction. Chile is highly anglophile , not francophile.
Visitor   Fri Oct 09, 2009 1:48 pm GMT
We took a close look at the picture in Senegal, a former French colony considered the cultural capital of West Africa. At the time, George W. Bush was sort of courting Senegalese president Wade to try to boost US influence in a part of the world where it doesn’t have much clout. The obvious way to do that is to push English. But most people we talked to thought the plan was pretty futile. As one university professor explained, since French is the language of Senegal’s education system, Senegalese can only learn English if they already speak French.

As I learned at a recent language conference, the number of native English speakers is increasing only as fast as the number of native French speakers – and that’s not too fast. The real powerhouse languages today are Chinese and Arabic.

Rwanda Ditches French

In the corridors of the Francophonie Summit last weekend in Quebec City, there was surprisingly little discussion of Rwandan President Paul Kagame’s decision to ban French from the central African country’s education system. Most of the journalists I met there were talking either about French President Nicholas Sarkozy’s declaration of non-support of Quebec’s separation movement, or the fact that they weren’t getting any information about what was happening in the closed - door discussions of the Summit.

Getting information really was a problem - not to mention getting around. There were some 3000 police officers on the site; security was intense and traffic was constantly blocked by motorcades as the dozens of heads of states moved about the city.

Inside the press center at the Hilton, brief announcements came out occasionally, and heads of state and other important figures came into the media center to give interviews, but no one really knew what was being discussed, or who said what about a particular issue. It was strange to see 700 or 800 hundred journalists there just waiting around for news that rarely came. Which tended to confirm the reputation the Francophonie has of not communicating its goals very well.

Anyway…Like Sarkozy’s slap in the face to Quebec’s separatist movement, Rwanda’s slap in the face to French was significant because of it’s timing, not so much because it had much to do with the essence of the Francophonie Summit.

And Rwanda’s decision was not so much a slap in the face to French, as it was to the French. And not without reason, given suspicion about France’s role in fomenting the Rwandan genocide.

The thing is, there’s a big difference in saying you will ban French as a language of education, and actually revamping an entire education system — which is what Kagame’s declaration amounts to. In other words, it’s not very likely to work. Like most (but not all) former French and Belgian colonies, Rwanda held on to French as the language of its school system because it couldn’t really afford to create another education system with a new language, which would mean training new teachers from scratch. French is the language of social promotion in Rwanda, like it is in Senegal. The elite speaks French. And those who want to join the elite by getting an education, learn French.

Not only will Kagame have to overcome the resistance of the elite of his own country. He will have to change a mentality that’s been in place since Rwanda became a Belgian colony almost a century ago, in 1925 (it was a German colony starting in 1899): that French is the way to a better life. What we saw researching Story of French in Senegal — which George Bush was courting at the time to try to get a foot in West Africa — was that while learning English sounded good to everyone, in a country where the elite spoke French, the advantages of speaking English were pretty remote.

Algeria tried very hard to get rid of French as its language of instruction and government and ended up provoking a civil war that cost the lives of some 200,000 Algerians. You’ve got to wonder what kind of price Rwandans are going to pay to send a message to France. If Kagame sticks it out, the price will probably be huge.


© The World in French 2008 - All Rights Reserved
Elegance theme by PowerTheme

http://julie.nadeaubarlow.com/